1. Construction and industrial projects, the focus of steel is not the same.
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Architectural engineering emphasizes the stability and construction adaptability of the whole structure.
The common materials are structural steel and low-alloy high-strength steel, and the focus is on yield strength, ductility and weldability. Steel should not only meet the design and calculation requirements, but also adapt to on-site cutting, welding and complex joint construction.
In practical engineering, some projects blindly improve the strength grade, but ignore the requirements of elongation and toughness. The strength seems to be improved, but the safety margin of the structure is compressed in long-term service or low temperature environment.
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The steel environment for industrial projects is more complicated.
Piping system, equipment support and pressure-bearing components not only bear loads, but also face the fatigue effects caused by medium corrosion, temperature fluctuation and continuous operation. Carbon steel, stainless steel and all kinds of alloy steel have their own application boundaries in industrial projects, and the selection must match the actual working conditions.
2. Common selection errors often come from experience application.
In engineering practice, one of the most common problems is to directly apply the experience of building steel to industrial projects. For example, structural steel is stable in bearing capacity, but it does not mean that it is suitable for pipeline systems with corrosive media or temperature difference changes. It may run normally in the short term, but the long-term risk is obviously increased. Another misunderstanding that is easily overlooked is that we only pay attention to type of steels and ignore the delivery status and processing conditions. The mechanical properties and processing performance of the same brand of steel are not completely consistent under hot rolling, controlled rolling or normalizing conditions. If this information is not clear in the selection stage, the actual use effect may deviate from the design expectation.
3. It is not the "more advanced" steel that is more suitable for engineering.
In some projects, there are cases of blindly selecting high-alloy or high-grade materials. The performance of this kind of steel is indeed more outstanding, but it also means higher procurement cost, stricter welding requirements and more complicated construction management. If the usage scenarios do not match, it is not only difficult to reflect the performance advantages, but may increase the overall engineering difficulty. The mature idea of material selection should be to choose the material that best matches the working condition on the premise of meeting the safety and service life, rather than simply pursuing the material grade.
4. Reasonable selection is inseparable from clear engineering premise.
In construction and industrial projects, the premise of steel selection is never the material itself, but the full understanding of engineering conditions. It is often more important to know the main purpose, bearing mode, existence of corrosive medium, temperature change range and construction method of steel than simply comparing brands. When the use scenario is clearly defined, the steel selection will become more direct and rational.
